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Sensitivity

The sensitivity of a detector pixel at a certain wavelength is defined as the detector electrical output per unit of radiation energy (photons) incident to that pixel. With a given A/D converter this can be expressed as the number of counts per mJ of incident radiation.


The relation between light energy entering the optical bench and the amount hitting a single detector pixel depends on the optical bench configuration. The efficiency curve of the grating used, the size of the input fiber or slit, the mirror performance and the use of a Detector Collection Lens are the main parameters. With a given set-up it is possible to do measurements over about 6-7 decades of irradiance levels. Some standard detector specifications can be found in Table 4 detector specifications. Optionally a DCL cylindrical detector collection lens can be mounted directly on the detector array. The quartz lens (DCL-UV for AvaSpec-2048/3648) will increase the system sensitivity by a factor of 3-5, depending on the fiber diameter used.


In Table 4 the overall sensitivity is given for the detector types currently used in the UV/VIS AvaSpec spectrometers as output in counts per ms integration time for a 16-bit AD converter. To compare the different detector arrays we have assumed an optical bench with 600 lines/mm grating and no DCL. The entrance of the bench is an 8 µm core diameter fiber, connected to a standard AvaLight-HAL halogen light source. This is equivalent to ca. 1µWatt light energy input.


Table 4 Detector Specifications (based on a 16-bit AD converter

Detector

TAOS 128

HAM256

HAM1024

SONY2048

TOSHIBA3648

HAM2048x14

Type

Photo diode array

CMOS linear array

CMOS linear array

CCD linear array

CCD linear array

Back-thinned CCD array

# Pixels, pitch

128, 63.5µm

256, 25 µm

1024, 25 µm

2048, 14 µm

3648, 8 µm

2048x14, 14µm

pixel width x height (µm)

55.5 x 63.5

25 x 500

25 x 500

14 x 56

8 x 200

14x14 (total height 196µm)

Pixel well depth (electrons)

250,000

4,000,000

4,000,000

40,000

120,000

250,000

Sensitivity (V/lx.s)

Photons/count @600nm

100

22

22

240

160

200

100

440

440

40

60

50

Sensitivity

(AvaLight-HAL, 8 µm fiber) in counts/µW per ms integration time

4000 (AvaSpec-128)

120 (AvaSpec-256)

120 (AvaSpec-1024)

20,000 (AvaSpec-2048)

14,000

(AvaSpec-3648)

16,000 (AvaSpec-2048x14)

Peak wavelength

750 nm

500 nm

500 nm

500 nm

550 nm

650 nm

Signal/Noise

500:1

2000:1

2000:1

200:1

350:1

500:1

Dark noise (counts RMS)

60

28

60

35

35

50

Dynamic Range

1000

2500

2500

2000

2000

1300

PRNU**

± 4%

± 3%

±3%

± 5%

± 5%

±3%

Wavelength range (nm)

360-1100

200-1000

200-1000

200*-1100

200*-1100nm

200-1160

Frequency

2 MHz

500 kHz

500 kHz

2 MHz

1 MHz

1.5 MHz


* DUV coated


** Photo Response Non-Uniformity = max difference between output of pixels when uniformly illuminated, divided by average signal



In table 5 the specification is given for the NIR spectrometers, in figure 5 and figure 6 the spectral response curve for the different detector types are depicted.


Table 5 NIR Detector Specifications

Detector

NIR256-1.7

NIR256-2.2

NIR256-2.5

Type

Linear InGaAs array

Linear InGaAs array with 2 stage TE cooling

Linear InGaAs array with 2 stage TE cooling

# Pixels, pitch

256, 50 µm

256, 50 µm

256, 50 µm

pixel width x height (µm)

50 x 500

50 x 500

50 x 500

Pixel well depth (electrons)

16,000,000

1,500,000

1,500,000

Sensitivity

(AvaLight-HAL, 8 µm fiber) in counts/µW per ms integration time

350

250

200

Peak wavelength

1550 nm

2000 nm

2300 nm

Signal/Noise

4000:1

1200:1

1200:1

Dark noise (counts RMS)

12

40

40

Dynamic Range

5000

1600

1600

PRNU**

± 5%

± 5%

±5%

Defective pixels (max)

0

12

12

Wavelength range (nm)

900-1750

1000-2200

1000-2500

Frequency

500 kHz

500 kHz

500 kHz


** Photo Response Non-Uniformity = max difference between output of pixels when uniformly illuminated, divided by average signal


© 2003-2015. LOKAMED Co.Ltd. E-mail: avantes@rambler.ru, phone (+7 921)936-20-39, fax (+7 812)234-59-73

Last Updated: 15-02-2015

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